Fred Hohman

Neo: Generalizing Confusion Matrix Visualization to Hierarchical and Multi-Output Labels

ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI), 2022
Best Paper

Abstract

The confusion matrix, a ubiquitous visualization for helping people evaluate machine learning models, is a tabular layout that compares predicted class labels against actual class labels over all data instances. We conduct formative research with machine learning practitioners at Apple and find that conventional confusion matrices do not support more complex data-structures found in modern-day applications, such as hierarchical and multi-output labels. To express such variations of confusion matrices, we design an algebra that models confusion matrices as probability distributions. Based on this algebra, we develop Neo, a visual analytics system that enables practitioners to flexibly author and interact with hierarchical and multi-output confusion matrices, visualize derived metrics, renormalize confusions, and share matrix specifications. Finally, we demonstrate Neo’s utility with three model evaluation scenarios that help people better understand model performance and reveal hidden confusions.

BibTeX

			
@inproceedings{goertler2022neo,
  title={Neo: Generalizing Confusion Matrix Visualization to Hierarchical and Multi-Output Labels},
  author={Görtler, Jochen and Hohman, Fred and Moritz, Dominik and Wongsuphasawat, Kanit and Ren, Donghao and Nair, Rahul and Kirchner, Marc and Patel, Kayur},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
  year={2022},
  organization={ACM},
  doi={10.1145/3491102.3501823}
}